pack

Parameters

format

The format string consists of format codes followed by an optional repeater argument. The repeater argument can be either an integer value or * for repeating to the end of the input data. For a, A, h, H the repeat count specifies how many characters of one data argument are taken, for @ it is the absolute position where to put the next data, for everything else the repeat count specifies how many data arguments are consumed and packed into the resulting binary string.

Currently implemented formats are:

pack() format characters

Code	Description
a	NUL-padded string
A	SPACE-padded string
h	Hex string, low nibble first
H	Hex string, high nibble first
c	signed char
C	unsigned char
s	signed short (always 16 bit, machine byte order)
S	unsigned short (always 16 bit, machine byte order)
n	unsigned short (always 16 bit, big endian byte order)
v	unsigned short (always 16 bit, little endian byte order)
i	signed integer (machine dependent size and byte order)
I	unsigned integer (machine dependent size and byte order)
l	signed long (always 32 bit, machine byte order)
L	unsigned long (always 32 bit, machine byte order)
N	unsigned long (always 32 bit, big endian byte order)
V	unsigned long (always 32 bit, little endian byte order)
f	float (machine dependent size and representation)
d	double (machine dependent size and representation)
x	NUL byte
X	Back up one byte
@	NUL-fill to absolute position

args